Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, kukho iindidi ezimbini zonyango olungaphezulu: inkqubo yonyango lomzimba kunye nenkqubo yonyango lweekhemikhali. I-blackening of steel stainless surface yinkqubo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango lwamachiza.
Umgaqo: Ngonyango lweekhemikhali, umgca wefilimu ye-oxide uveliswa kwindawo yesinyithi, kwaye unyango olungaphezulu lufumaneka ngefilimu ye-oxide. Umgaqo osetyenzisiweyo kule nkqubo yonyango yomhlaba kukudala ifilimu ye-oxide kwindawo yesinyithi phantsi kwesenzo sezixhobo ezihambelanayo, ezinokuthi zihlukanise isinyithi ekudibaneni ngqo nendawo yangaphandle.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokwenza mnyama intsimbi engatyiwayo zezi zilandelayo:
Udidi 1: Indlela yombala we-Acid
(1) Indlela etyhidiweyo ye-dichromate. Gxininisa amacandelo ensimbi engenasici kwisisombululo se-sodium dichromate etyhidiweyo kwaye ugxobhoze ngokucokisekileyo imizuzu engama-20-30 ukwenza ifilimu emnyama ye-oxide. Susa kwaye upholise, uze uhlanjululwe ngamanzi.
(2) Indlela ye-Chromate emnyama yekhemikhali ye-oxidation. Inkqubo yokutshintsha umbala walo maleko wefilimu ukusuka ekukhanyeni ukuya kumnyama. Xa itshintsha ukusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (okanye kumnyama ococekileyo), ixesha lekhefu liyi-0.5-1 ngomzuzu kuphela. Ukuba le ndawo ifanelekileyo iphosiwe, iya kubuyela kumdaka okhanyayo kwaye inokususwa kuphela kwaye ifakwe umbala.
2. Indlela ye-vulcanization inokufumana ifilimu entle emnyama, ekufuneka icocwe nge-aqua regia phambi kwe-oxidation.
3. Indlela ye-alkaline oxidation. I-alkaline oxidation isisombululo esilungiselelwe nge-sodium hydroxide, kunye nexesha le-oxidation yemizuzu eyi-10-15. Ifilimu ye-oxide emnyama inokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle kwaye ayifuni unyango lokunyanga. Ixesha lokutshiza ityuwa liba phakathi kweeyure ezingama-600-800. Inokugcina umgangatho obalaseleyo wentsimbi engatyiwayo ngaphandle komhlwa.
Udidi 2: Indlela ye-Electrolytic oxidation
Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo: (20-40g / L dichromate, 10-40g / L manganese sulfate, 10-20g / L boric acid, 10-20g / L / PH3-4). Ifilimu enemibala yayixutywe kwisisombululo se-HCl ye-10% kwi-25C kwimizuzu emi-5, kwaye akukho tshintsho lombala okanye ukuhluthwa kwefilimu yangaphakathi, ebonisa ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-corrosion layer yefilimu. Emva kwe-electrolysis, i-1Cr17 insimbi engenasici ye-ferritic yenziwa mnyama ngokukhawuleza, kwaye emva koko ilukhuni ukufumana ifilimu ye-oxide emnyama enombala ofanayo, u-elasticity, kunye neqondo elithile lobunzima. Iimpawu ziyinkqubo elula, isantya esimnyama esikhawulezayo, isiphumo esihle sombala, kunye nokuxhathisa okulungileyo kokuhlwa. Ifanelekile kunyango lwe-blackening ye-surface ye-stainless steels ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngoko inexabiso elibonakalayo.
Udidi 3: Indlela yoNyango lwe-QPQ yoBushushu
Ukwenziwa kwizixhobo ezikhethekileyo, umaleko wefilimu uqinile kwaye unokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle; Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba insimbi engenasici, ngakumbi i-austenitic stainless steel, ayinaso isakhono sokuthintela umhlwa njengangaphambili emva konyango lwe-QPQ. Isizathu kukuba umxholo we-chromium phezu komhlaba we-austenitic stainless steel wonakaliswe. Ngenxa yokuba kwinkqubo yangaphambili ye-QPQ, okuyinkqubo ye-nitriding, umxholo wekhabhoni kunye ne-nitrogen uya kungena, okwenza umonakalo kwisakhiwo somhlaba. Kulula ukurusa, isitshizi setyuwa silambathayo siya kugqwala kuphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yolu buthathaka, ukusebenza kwayo kulinganiselwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-29-2024